Ozone layer depletion essay sample new york essays. Vivert1448 priyanka n jeevan 1446 1453 rekha 1445 shabnam 1447. The question is often asked why the world moved so quickly in dealing with ozone layer depletion, yet has moved so slowly in addressing the equally critical problem of climate change. Nearly 500 organizations, teams, and individuals from 40 countries have received stratospheric ozone protection awards for their exceptional leadership, personal dedication, and technical achievements. The ozone layer is a deep blanket in the stratosphere made up of comparatively high concentration of the ozone. Once these issues have been addressed, the article can be. Ozone depletion definition ozone depletion is the term commonly used to describe the thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere. The level from which it extends outward varies with latitude. Presence of ozone in the lower atmosphere is considered as a pollutant and a greenhouse gas.
The ozone layer protects humans, animals, and plants from harmful ultraviolet rays. The assessment may be reproduced or excerpted, without. Ozone layer, region of the upper atmosphere, between roughly 15 and 35 km 9 and 22 miles above earths surface, containing relatively high concentrations of ozone molecules. Ozone depletion potential an overview sciencedirect topics. Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible depletion trends. The ozone layer is a natural layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that protects humans and other living things from harmful ultraviolet uv radiation from the sun. Ozone depletion facts and information national geographic. Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a result of increasing pollution. It is found that the ozone layer gets affected by some natural causes that are sunspots and stratospheric winds. Ozone depletion, montreal protocol and kigali agreement ozone depletion ozone o 3 forms a layer in the stratosphere, between 10 to 50 km above the earth, thinner in the tropics around the equator and denser towards the poles. The ozone layer in the upper atmosphere absorbs most of the harmful ultravioletb uvb radiations from the sun.
Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a. The vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer vienna convention was agreed in 1985. It is an essential factor for many global, biological and environmental phenomena. Presentation on ozone depletion linkedin slideshare. The agency establishes a program to cope with the problem. What are the causes and effects of ozone depletion. There are suggestions below for improving the article. Ozone depletion refers to the wearing out or reduction of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere. Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. It sets binding obligations for countries to phase out production of all the major ozone depleting substances.
Depletion of the ozone layer occurs globally, however, the severe depletion of the ozone layer over the antarctic is often referred to as the ozone hole. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions 7. Furthermore, three chapters deal with the interaction between climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion as well as model predictions about the future development of the stratospheric ozone layer. The concept of ozone depletion potential odp is widely used wuebbles et al. Through that agreement and its subsequent amendments and adjustments, many nations of the world have carried out policies to. Ozone layer depletion article about ozone layer depletion. Jan 07, 2016 vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer. Following is the list of some of the main ozone depleting substances and the sources from where they are released. Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Ozone is a naturally occurring gas that is found in two layers of the atmosphere.
Ozone depleting substances are those substances which deplete the ozone layer. People, plants, and animals living under the ozone hole are harmed by the solar radiation now reaching the earths surfacewhere it causes health problems, from eye damage to skin cancer. It established global monitoring and reporting on ozone depletion. Presentation on ozone depletion free download as powerpoint presentation. The term ozone hole refers to the depletion of the protective ozone layer in the upper atmosphere stratosphere over earths polar regions. Ozone in the lower atmosphere contributes to global warming and climate change. Publications about the ozone depletion theory of global warming. Ozone and environment ozone o3 a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen bluish gas that is harmful to breathe nearly 90% of the earths ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb ozonedepleting substances ods. Why the ozone layer is vital to life on earth the ozone layer is a protective shield that blocks the suns harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching the earths surface. Ozone and environment ozone o3 a gas composed of three atoms of oxygen bluish gas that is harmful to breathe nearly 90% of the earths ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb ozone depleting substances ods.
Increased depletion has recently started occurring over the arctic as well. Ozone depleting substances are the substances such as chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride, hydrofluorocarbons, etc. Approximately 90 percent of the atmospheres ozone occurs from 1018 km 611 miles to. The main effect of ozone depletion is an increase in uvb rays reaching the earths surface.
The earth is protected from excessive ultraviolet rays. In the layer surrounding the earths surface, the troposphere, ground level or bad ozone is an air pollutant that is a key ingredient to. Mar 21, 2020 ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. The depletion of the ozone layer is caused mainly by green house gases ghgs like co2 and methane, other ghgs that includes cfcs that are used in aerosols such as household sprays, hair sprays, cans. However, these cause a very nominal contribution to the ozone layer depletion which is near about 1 to 2 percent and therefore these. Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming. Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the sidebar misconceptions about global atmospheric change on page 95. Pdf there are many situations where human activities have significant effects on the environment. The ozone hole and global warming union of concerned.
As a result of its chemical composition, ozone is regarded as a special type of oxygen as it contains three oxygen molecules o3 as opposed to the usual two oxygen molecules o2. It was first identified in 1970s due to the advent of supersonic aircraft, which fly in the lower stratosphere and emit nitrogen oxides. Since ozone layer depletion allows greater amounts of uvb radiation to penetrate through our atmosphere. Humans have introduced gases and chemicals into the atmosphere that have rapidly depleted the ozone layer in the last century. Ozone layer is also naturally broken down but there is a balance between its formation and natural depletion. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Ozone depletion occurs when the natural balance between the production and destruction of ozone in the stratosphere is tipped in favour of destruction. This website addresses stratospheric ozone issues, including the science of ozone depletion, epas regulatory approach to protecting the ozone layer, epa. Ozone depletion ozone layer depletion, is simply the wearing out reduction of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere. When highenergy ultraviolet rays uvc strike an oxygen.
Ozonedepleting substances ods generally contain chlorine, fluorine, bromine, carbon, and hydrogen in varying proportions and are often described by the general term halocarbons. Ozone depletion is largely a result of manmade substances. The ozone layer is a region of the stratosphere containing ozone, or o3 gas. When cfc is released into the atmosphere, they mix with atmospheric. The emission of ozone depleting substances has been damaging the ozone layer. As a result the total amount of ozone remains constant. Ozone depletion, ozone hole, ultraviolet radiation. Ozone o3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival. The health effect on humans from ozone depletion is widely varied.
But through domestic and international action, the ozone layer is healing and should fully recover by about 2065. An international agreement known as the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer was reached in 1987. At last, the montreal protocol has resulted in stopping additional ozone loss and investigated by 300 experts ver 4 years survey on ozone depletion earth day was first observed on 22 april 1970. The montreal protocol is an international agreement to address the causes of ozone depletion. Protecting the ozone layer department of the environment. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is essential to life as we know it on planet earth. Presentation on ozone depletion ozone depletion medicine. Money and time are being spent on ozone repair, but the problem still exists. The ozone depletion resulted in secondary production of an ozone layer near the ground terrestrial ozone layer, which is responsible for adverse effects on plants, humans and environment with increased number of bronchial diseases in humans.
There are natural processes that create and destroy ozone in the stratosphere. Oct 27, 2017 what are the effects of ozone depletion. Cfcs, hcfcs, halons, methyl bromide, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform. How severe is the depletion of the antarctic ozone layer.
Ozone layer depletion definition, causes, solutions toppr. Les diablerets, switzerland by jeanpierre pommereau, june 2010. Sep 30, 2019 ozone depletion is largely a result of manmade substances. Ozone layer depletion leads to decrease in ozone in the stratosphere and increase in ozone present in the lower atmosphere.
The gradual thinning, reduction, or wearing out of the ozone layer in the stratosphere due to various human activities is called ozone depletion. Prolonged exposure to uvb radiation is linked to skin cancer, genetic damage and immune. One of the main reasons for the widespread concern about depletion of the ozone layer is the anticipated increase in the amounts of ultraviolet radiation received. It also created a framework for the development of protocols for taking more binding action. Ozone layer the ozone layer is basically naturally occurring gas in the region of stratosphere where ozone particles are accumulated 2. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. The uvb wavelengths cause skin cancer, sunburn, aging and. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions. Stratospheric ozone protection awards since 1990, epa has recognized outstanding achievement in ozone layer protection. Ozone depletion, montreal protocol and kigali agreement.
Ozone depletion is primarily caused by human activities. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The ozone layer protects living things from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun.
It has been found that this protective ozone layer is getting depleted because of the presence of cfc chlorofluorocarbon compounds. Companies are finding substitutes for cfcs, and people in general are becoming more awareness of the dangers of ozone layer depletion. Since ozone is the earths protection against ultraviolet uv radiation, a reduction in the ozone layer causes more uvb wavelengths to reach the surface of the earth. Ozone depletion and climate change environment canada.
There are many situations where human activities have. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. Vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer. Ozone depletion was a good articles nominee, but did not meet the good article criteria at the time. Although ozone is present in small concentrations throughout the atmosphere, most around 90% exists in the stratosphere, a layer 10 to 50 kilometres above the earths surface.
Project report on ozone depletion environmental pollution. Solomon and albritton, 1992 as a measure of the effectiveness of a given compound in removing ozone, relative to a standard compound, which is taken to be cfc11. This depletion makes humans more vulnerable to the uvb rays which are known to cause skin cancer as well as other genetic deformities. Environmental studies ozone depletion tutorialspoint.
As you may know, we decline a substantial proportion of manuscripts without sending them to referees, so that they may be sent elsewhere without delay. Ozone depletion biology science fair project ideas. These chemicals are found in cleaning agents, aerosols, insulating foam, and refrigerants. Update on ozonedepleting substances odss and other gases of.
Ozone depletion is the process of destruction of the ozone layer which can cause adverse effects on the living forms by many pollutants releases out from the vehicles, industries etc. Ozone is unstable and decomposes to molecular oxygen. Chlorofluorocarbons cfc s, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform are important humanproduced ozonedepleting gases that have been used in many. Stratospheric pollution ozone formation and breakdown. A dynamic equilibrium is maintained between the formation and decomposition of ozone. Epa relies on the atmospheric and health effects framework model to discover the health benefits of greater ozone layer protection via the montreal protocol. The ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere, about 20 to 30 km 12 to 19 miles above the earth, though the thickness varies seasonally and geographically. Ozone gas is perceptibly blue in colour and has a characteristic pungent smell. Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s. However, the ozone layer is destroyed by manmade chemicals known as ozonedepleting substances ods. Ozone depletion atmospheric ozone layer depletion is a serious problem currently facing the world. Causes, effects and solutions of ozone layer depletion. Mar 28, 2020 ozone depletion results in an increase of uvb radiation, but the shorter the wavelength, the stronger the increase within the uvb range. Has the montreal protocol been successful in reducing ozonedepleting substances in the.